> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://docs.txflash.io/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://docs.txflash.io/troubleshooting.md).

# Troubleshooting

## Repeated Broken pipe

The remote listener, proxy, or firewall closed the TCP connection. Common causes include:

* the application exits after reading one frame;
* unsupported DIRECT or ArbOS record handling;
* treating a TCP read as a complete frame;
* decoding multibyte fields with the wrong endianness;
* rejecting a valid non-L2 opaque message;
* a service restart, crash, OOM event, or idle timeout.

Log the sequence, ordinal, DIRECT record type, reconstruction kind, expected payload length, and actual payload length before closing.

## Invalid frame length

Read exactly 20 header bytes, apply `LENGTH_MASK = 0x0fffffff`, then read exactly the decoded payload length. TCP may split or combine protocol frames.

## Missing header on an item

Only ordinal zero contains header JSON. Cache it by sequence number and use it for later ordinals in the same sequence.

## Unsupported kind

Do not interpret every kind-like byte as an L2 kind. DIRECT record type, reconstruction kind, canonical `header.kind`, and raw L2 kind are separate fields.

## Sequence gap after reconnect

The relay resumes from a fresh sequence boundary without replaying stale backlog. Recover missing canonical sequences through the node's normal recovery mechanism.


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